Global gas flaring sees 3% jump to levels last seen in 2009
The rise from 145 billion cubic metres (bcm) in 2018 to 150bcm in 2019 was caused largely by increases in three countries: the United States (up by 23%), Venezuela (16%) and Russia (9%)
Estimates from satellite data show that global gas flaring has increased to levels not seen in more than a decade, to 150 billion cubic metres (bcm), equivalent to the total annual gas consumption of sub-Saharan Africa.
The 3% rise in global gas flaring, up from 145bcm in 2018 to 150bcm in 2019, was mainly due to increases in three countries: the United States (up by 23%), Venezuela (up by 16%) and Russia (up by 9%).
Gas flaring in fragile or conflict-affected countries increased from 2018 to 2019: in Syria by 35% and in Venezuela by 16%, despite oil production flattening in Syria and declining by 40% in Venezuela.
Sustainability sidelined?
Gas flaring, the burning of natural gas associated with oil extraction, takes place because of technical, regulatory and/or economic constraints.
It results in more than 400 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent emissions every year and wastes a valuable resource, with harmful effects to the environment from uncombusted methane and black carbon emissions.
“Our data suggests that gas flaring continues to be a persistent problem, with solutions remaining difficult or uneconomic in certain countries,” said Christopher Sheldon, practice manager in energy and extractives global practice at the World Bank.
“The current COVID-19 pandemic and crisis bring additional challenges, with sustainability and climate concerns potentially sidelined. We must reverse this worrying trend and end routine gas flaring once and for all.”
Pattern of decline
The top four gas flaring countries (Russia, Iraq, the United States and Iran) continued to account for almost half (45%) of all global gas flaring for three years running (2017-2019). However, looking at all oil-producing countries, excluding the top four, gas flaring declined by 9bcm (or 10%) between 2012 and 2019. In the first quarter of 2020, global gas flaring fell by 10%, with declines across most of the top 30 gas flaring countries.
Zubin Bamji is programme manager of the World Bank-managed GGFR Trust Fund, which finances organisations seeking answers to global gas flaring reduction. “The World Bank and GGFR are committed to working with governments and industry to end this ‘sticky’ problem,” he said. “We are working in many of the highest gas-flaring countries in the world, helping them develop policies, regulations and practices to end routine flaring.
“At the same time, we are garnering more commitments from governments and companies to end routine flaring through the Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 initiative,” Bamji said. “Now over 80 governments and companies, accounting for over half of the world’s routine flaring, have pledged to end this 160-year-old practice.”
Heating effects
The data was released by the World Bank-managed Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partnership (GGFR), which is composed of governments, oil companies and international institutions working to end routine gas flaring at oil production sites around the world.
GGFR, in partnership with the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Colorado School of Mines, has developed global gas flaring estimates based on observations from a satellite launched in 2012.
The advanced sensors of this satellite detect the heat emitted by gas flares as infrared emissions at global upstream oil and gas facilities.
A new and improved web-based application will map global gas flaring data in a reliable, standardised way, and will be publicly available in 2022, with the support of the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI).
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